{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 文件读写操作"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "本节可能用到的文件：  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "[data.tar](images/ch8/data.tar)  \n",
    "[9.1 出塞.txt](images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt)  \n",
    "[Who Moved My Cheese.txt](images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt)  \n",
    "[百家姓.txt](images/ch8/百家姓.txt)  \n",
    "[出塞.txt](images/ch8/出塞.txt)  \n",
    "[What is New in Python3.11.txt](images/ch8/What is New in Python3.11.txt)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 文件读取方法 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Python文件对象fr提供了三个读取数据的方法：   \n",
    "fr.read()  \n",
    "fr.readline()  \n",
    "fr.readlines()  "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "| 方法 | 描述 |\n",
    "| :---- | :---- |\n",
    "| read(size) | 无参数或参数为-1时，读取<font color='red'>全部文件内容为一个字符串</font>；当参数size为大于或等于0的整数时，读取size个字符。 |\n",
    "| readline(size) | 无参数或参数为-1时，读取并返回文件对象中的<font color='red'>一行数据 </font>，包括行末结尾标记'\\\\n'，字符串类型。当参数size为大于或等于0的整数时，从指针所在处向后最多读取当前行的前size个字符，当前行剩余字符少于size时，读取到行末。 |\n",
    "| readlines(hint) | 无参数时，读取文件全部数据，返回一个<font color='red'>列表 </font>，列表中每个元素是文件对象中的一行数据，包括行末的换行符’\\\\n’。 当参数hint为大于或等于0的整数时，返回文件从头到第hint个字符所在的行末。 |\n",
    "| seek(offset,whence) | 改变当前文件操作<font color='red'>指针 </font>指针的位置，offset为指针偏移量，whence代表参照物，有三个取值：0文件开始、1当前位置、2文件结尾。在文本文件（模式字符串未使用 b 时打开的文件）中，只允许相对于文件开头搜索。 |\n",
    "| tell() | 返回文件指针当前的位置，返回值与编码有关。 |\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "在文件刚打开时，指针是指向文件内容的起始处，伴随着读写的进行指针一步一步往后移动。当指针移动到文件结尾后，再试图读取数据就没有返回值了。  \n",
    "如果期望重新读取文件中的数据，可使用seek(0) 将文件读取指针移动到文件开始的位置。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "seek(0) # 将文件指针移动到文件开始位置"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 实例 9.1 输出文件内容 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "有一个utf-8编码的文本文件“出塞.txt”，内容如下：  \n",
    "  \n",
    "出塞  \n",
    "秦时明月汉时关,万里长征人未还。  \n",
    "但使龙城飞将在,不教胡马度阴山。  \n",
    "\n",
    "编程读取文件的内容。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "访问文件里的数据，必须先用 open() 函数打开文件，只读取文件，不修改文件内容时，读取模式参数 mode 的值可设为 ‘r’ 或缺省。encoding='utf-8' 参数表示以“utf-8”编码方式处理数据"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "[9.1 出塞.txt](images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "出塞\n",
      "秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\n",
      "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print(poem.read())  # 读文件为字符串输出\n",
    "    for line in poem:       # 指针在文件末尾，后面无数据，读到空字符串\n",
    "        print(line.strip())  # 无输出"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "出塞\n",
      "秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\n",
      "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。\n",
      "\n",
      "出塞\n",
      "秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\n",
      "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print(poem.read())  # 读文件为字符串输出\n",
    "    poem.seek(0) # 将文件指针移动到文件开始位置\n",
    "    for line in poem:       # 指针在文件开头\n",
    "        print(line.strip())  # 重新输出一次文件内容"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```python\n",
    "read(size=-1) \n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    "从文本文件中读取并返回最多 size 个字符，返回的数据类型为字符串\n",
    "size 为负值或值是 None 时，从当前位置一直读取到文件结束（End Of File，EOF）\n",
    "读取的字符包括标点符号和空格、换行符等空白字符。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['出塞\\n秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\\n']\n",
      "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print([poem.read(20)])  # 读取前20个字符,放入列表中输出是为了能看到换行符\n",
    "    \n",
    "    print(poem.read())      # 输出剩余字符"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "```python\n",
    "readline(size=-1) \n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    "每次只读取一行数据，文件指针移动到下一行开始。\n",
    "如果指定了 size ，将在当前行读取最多 size 个字符，本行剩余字符少于size时，读取到本行结束。  \n",
    "字符串末尾保留换行符（\\n），空行使用 '\\n' 表示，该字符串只包含一个换行符。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print([poem.read(11)])    # ['出塞\\n秦时明月汉时关，']，字符串末尾保留换行符\n",
    "    print(poem.readline(10))  # 万里长征人未还。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "为了更好的理解这个命令的用法，我们使用以下诗句："
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "          出塞\n",
    "             王昌龄(唐)\n",
    "秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\n",
    "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "为了观察方便，将空格用中文数字代替："
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "一二三四五六出塞\n",
    "一二三四五六七八王昌龄(唐)\n",
    "秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\n",
    "但使龙城飞将在，不教胡马度阴山。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "file =  'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt'\n",
    "with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    for i in range(1, 12):  \n",
    "        print(i, [poem.readline(i)], poem.tell())  # 从当前行可读数据中读取前i个字符，指针后移"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "poem.tell()获取当前指针位置，从输出结果看，每次只读取当前行指针位置后面的若干个字符，最多不超过当前行。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "这种方式让返回值清晰明确；只要 f.readline() 返回空字符串，就表示已经到达了文件末尾。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    while txt := poem.readline():  # 逐行读文件，直至文件结束\n",
    "        print(txt.strip())          # 去除行末的换行符后输出当前读到的字符串"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "readlines(hint=-1)\n",
    "# 一次读取文件中所有数据行，文件指针一次性就移动到文件结尾处。\n",
    "# readlines()方法自动将文件内容转成一个列表，列表中每个元素是文件对象中的一行数据。\n",
    "# 可以指定 hint 来，读取的直到指定字符所在的行。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print(poem.readlines())      # 输出全部内容放入列表\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "with open( 'images/ch8/9.1 出塞.txt','r',encoding = 'utf-8') as poem:  # 打开文件创建文件对象，命名为poem\n",
    "    print(poem.readlines(4))      # 输出到第4个字符\"秦\"所在的行的数据， ['出塞\\n', '秦时明月汉时关，万里长征人未还。\\n']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 实例 9.2 提取文件中的英文 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "《谁动了我的奶酪？》是美国作家斯宾塞·约翰逊创作的一个寓言故事，该书首次出版于1998年。‬‪‬‪‬‮‬‪‬‭‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‮‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‮‬‫‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‪‬‮‬‪‬‪‬文件“Who Moved My Cheese.txt”中包含这个故事的中英文，提取并输出文件中的英文。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "[Who Moved My Cheese.txt](images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def read_file(file):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收文件名为参数，将文件中的内容读为字符串，\n",
    "    过滤掉中文(中文字符及全角符号Unicode编码都大于256),返回字符串 \"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as novel:\n",
    "        txt = novel.read()  # 读取文件全部内容为字符串\n",
    "    english_txt = ''\n",
    "    for x in txt:\n",
    "        if ord(x) < 256:\n",
    "            english_txt = english_txt + x   # 过滤掉中文，拼接为字符串\n",
    "    return english_txt  # 返回英文文本\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    filename = 'images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt'\n",
    "    print(read_file(filename))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def read_file(file):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收文件名为参数，将文件中的内容读为字符串，\n",
    "    过滤掉中文(中文字符及全角符号Unicode编码都大于256),返回字符串 \"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as novel:\n",
    "        txt = novel.read()  # 读取文件全部内容为字符串\n",
    "    english_txt = ''.join([x for x in txt if ord(x) < 256])  # 过滤掉中文，拼接为字符串\n",
    "    return english_txt  # 返回英文文本\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    filename =  'images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt'\n",
    "    print(read_file(filename))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<font face='楷体' color='red' size=5> 练一练 </font>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "修改上面的代码，统计小说《谁动了我的奶酪？》中的英文单词数量？\n",
    "提示：\n",
    "将英文文本中的符号替换为空格后，根据空格切分为列表，列表的长度即单词的数量"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def read_file(file):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收文件名为参数，将文件中的内容读为字符串，\n",
    "    过滤掉中文(中文字符及全角符号Unicode编码都大于256),返回字符串 \"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as novel:\n",
    "        txt = novel.read()  # 读取文件全部内容为字符串\n",
    "    english_txt = ''.join([x for x in txt if ord(x) < 256])  # 过滤掉中文，拼接为字符串\n",
    "    return english_txt  # 返回英文文本\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def words_lst(text):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收字符串为参数，用空格替换字符串中所有标点符号，根据空格将字符串切分为列表\n",
    "    返回值为元素为单词的列表。\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    # 补充你的代码\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    filename = 'images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt'\n",
    "    txt = read_file(filename)\n",
    "    print(len(words_lst(txt)))  # 输出列表的长度"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<font face='楷体' color='red' size=5> 练一练 </font>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "修改上面的代码，统计小说《谁动了我的奶酪？》中的英文单词的词频，输出出现频率最高的30个单词。\n",
    "提示：\n",
    "以单词为字典的键，以单词出现次数为字典的值，遍历列表，单词每出现一次词频增加1."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def read_file(file):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收文件名为参数，将文件中的内容读为字符串，\n",
    "    过滤掉中文(中文字符及全角符号Unicode编码都大于256),返回字符串 \"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(file, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as novel:\n",
    "        txt = novel.read()  # 读取文件全部内容为字符串\n",
    "    english_txt = ''.join([x for x in txt if ord(x) < 256])  # 过滤掉中文，拼接为字符串\n",
    "    return english_txt  # 返回英文文本\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def words_lst(text):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收字符串为参数，用空格替换字符串中所有标点符号，根据空格将字符串切分为列表\n",
    "    返回值为元素为单词的列表。\n",
    "    \"\"\"\n",
    "    # 补充你的代码\n",
    "\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "def word_frequency(words_ls):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收元素为单词的列表，统计每个单词出现的次数，根据出现次数排序，输出出现频率最高的50个单词及其出现次数\"\"\"\n",
    "    # 补充你的代码\n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "    \n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    filename = 'images/ch8/Who Moved My Cheese.txt'\n",
    "    txt = read_file(filename)\n",
    "    words_list = words_lst(txt)  # 单词列表\n",
    "    word_frequency(words_list)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 实例 9.3 读百家姓获得姓的列表 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "raw",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "赵钱孙李，周吴郑王。\n",
    "冯陈褚卫，蒋沈韩杨。\n",
    "......\n",
    "巢关蒯相，查后荆红。\n",
    "游竺权逯，盖益桓公。\n",
    "\n",
    "万俟司马，上官欧阳。\n",
    "夏侯诸葛，闻人东方。\n",
    "......\n",
    "墨哈谯笪，年爱阳佟。\n",
    "第五言福"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "提示：\n",
    "百家姓前51行为单姓，51行以后为复姓，需要分别处理。\n",
    "每行读取为字符串，去除换行符、逗号和句号拼接为一个字符串，再用list()转列表，每个字为一个元素\n",
    "51行以后拼接为一个字符串，每次取两个字加入列表"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def read_txt():  # 根据性别生成一个姓名\n",
    "    \"\"\"无参数，读百家姓文件，将单字姓和复姓拆分，返回以姓为元素的列表\"\"\"\n",
    "    with open('images/ch8/百家姓.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as data:\n",
    "        # 替换掉换行符、逗号和句号，每行转为一个字符串，得到列表\n",
    "        last_ls = [line.strip().replace('，', '').replace('。', '') for line in data]\n",
    "        # print(last_ls)  # ['赵钱孙李周吴郑王', '冯陈褚卫蒋沈韩杨', ...]\n",
    "\n",
    "    single = list(''.join(last_ls[:51]))    # 前51行为单字姓，拼接为一个字符串转列表\n",
    "    # print(single)  # ['赵', '钱', '孙', '李', '周', '吴', '郑', '王',...]\n",
    "    \n",
    "    double_txt = ''.join(last_ls[51:])       # 51行后为复姓，拼接为一个字符串\n",
    "    double = []                              # 创建空列表\n",
    "    for i in range(0, len(double_txt), 2):   # 遍历字符串序号，步长为2\n",
    "        double.append(double_txt[i: i + 2])  # 当前序号向后切2个字符，加入到列表\n",
    "    # double = [double_txt[i: i + 2] for i in range(0, len(double_txt), 2)]  # 列表推导式方法\n",
    "    # print(double)  # ['万俟', '司马', '上官', '欧阳', '夏侯', '诸葛', '闻人', '东方', ...]\n",
    "    lastname = single + double               # 单字姓列表与复姓列表拼接为一个列表\n",
    "    return lastname                          # 返回百家姓中所有姓的列表\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    family_names = read_txt()                # 调用函数将文件读为列表\n",
    "    print(family_names)                      # 输出"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 文件写入方法 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "进行文件的写入操作，使用 open() 函数时，要将 mode 参数设置为 'w'、'x'、'a'等具有写权限的模式。  \n",
    "或用“r+”为读模式打开的文件增加写权限。  \n",
    "注意：  \n",
    "使用“r+”模式时文件处于改写状态，新写入的数据会覆盖原文件起始位置相同字符数量的数据。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "写入数据的方法：\n",
    "write() \n",
    "writelines() \n",
    "writelines()方法不会自动在每一个元素后面增加换行，只是将列表内容直接输出，所以在构造列表时，在需要换行的位置加入一个' \\n'，以控制写入时换行。这两种方法可将字符串和列表中的内容写入到文件中永久保存。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "| 方法 | 描述 |\n",
    "| :---- | :---- |\n",
    "| write(b) | 将给定的字符串或字节流对象写入文件 |\n",
    "| writelines(lines) | 将一个元素全为字符串的列表写入文件。构造列表时，在需要换行的位置加入换行符' \\n'，以控制写入时换行。 |\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 实例 9.4 追加写文件 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "将字符串 '姓名,C语言,Java,Python,C#\\n罗明,95,96,85,63\\n朱佳,75,93,66,85\\n' 写入到当前路径下的'score.txt'中，再把列表 ['李思,86,76,96,93\\n郑君,88,98,76,90\\n'] 中的数据追加到文件'score.txt'中，读文件查看写入是否正确。"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "姓名,C语言,Java,Python,C#\n",
      "罗明,95,96,85,63\n",
      "朱佳,75,93,66,85\n",
      "李思,86,76,96,93\n",
      "郑君,88,98,76,90\n",
      "\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def write_str(s, filename):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收要写入的字符串和文件名为参数，将字符串追加写入到文件现在数据末尾\"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(filename, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:\n",
    "        f.write(s)        # 将字符串s写入文件\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def write_list(ls, filename):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收要写入的列表和文件名为参数，将列表中的字符串追加写入到文件现在数据末尾\"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(filename, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:\n",
    "        f.writelines(ls)  # 将列表ls写入文件，附加到后面\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def read_file(filename):\n",
    "    \"\"\"接收表示文件名的字符串为参数，读文件，以字符串形式返回\"\"\"\n",
    "    with open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:\n",
    "        return f.read()   # 返回字符串形式的文件内容\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "if __name__ == '__main__':\n",
    "    file = 'score.txt'     # 定义文件名变量，方便程序扩展和修改\n",
    "    score_str = '姓名,C语言,Java,Python,C#\\n罗明,95,96,85,63\\n朱佳,75,93,66,85\\n'\n",
    "    score_lst = ['李思,86,76,96,93\\n郑君,88,98,76,90\\n']\n",
    "    write_str(score_str, file)   # 传递要写入的字符串和文件名为参数\n",
    "    write_list(score_lst, file)  # 传递要写入的列表和文件名为参数\n",
    "    print(read_file(file))       # 读文件，查看写入是否成功\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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